For any professional sports league, growth is crucial. The NHL has shown that they know this by adding the Vegas Golden Knights in 2017-18 and the Seattle Kraken for the 2021-22 season. For the next expansion, the NHL needs to look bigger than North America. They need to look to Europe.
Related: Is NHL Expansion to Europe Still on the Radar?
This has been a topic of conversation for many years now and has no intentions of slowing down. In November of 2018, deputy commissioner Bill Daly gave his stance on the idea of expanding into Europe, what can now be considered the official stance of the NHL.
“I was asked whether we’ll ever have franchises overseas and I said, ‘Certainly not in the short- to medium-term,’ but I thought that with the continued growth of the sport, expansion of the sport, that franchises in Europe at some point in time is probably inevitable.”
But this wouldn’t be as straightforward as adding another North American team. There are many questions that arise when looking at a potential European expansion:
- Which cities would get teams?
- How would the scheduling work?
- Would European fans support the teams?
- Would the NHL talent be diluted?
- Would both the NHL and NHLPA support the expansion?
- When would the Europe expansion h
appen ?
These all must be considered when thinking about growing the NHL across the Atlantic Ocean. It’s looking more and more likely that it will happen one day, which it should. So, let’s dive into each question.
Which Cities Would Get Teams?
There are so many cities that could be possibilities for getting an NHL team, some of which are already hockey towns. In order to make a European expansion viable, there would probably be around four or five teams needed. So, here are five serious options for getting the first NHL teams in Europe:
- Stockholm, Sweden
- Helsinki, Finland
- Prague, Czech Republic
- Berlin, Germany
- Zurich, Switzerland
There are many other places that may be considered, but these seven spots would be the easiest for the NHL to transition into. Either they are already a hockey hotspot, they have the population, or they have a rink that could maybe be expanded into an NHL-size rink. Most of these places have already had glimpses of the NHL in their cities. Some locations check off multiple boxes.
Stockholm, Sweden
Sweden is already a hockey hotbed in Europe. The country is a perennial threat to win nearly every international tournament they’re in and they continuously produce top-end talent. As the capital of Sweden, Stockholm would be the best place for the NHL’s first wave of teams in Europe.
Sweden has already been exposed to the NHL’s presence for a number of years, ever since 1980 where the Washington Capitals and Minnesota North Stars entered a round robin tournament with AIK and Djurgårdens IF. The final game of the tournament was televised live in Sweden on “Hockey Night in Sweden.” Another memorable moment was Daniel and Henrik Sedin and the Vancouver Canucks playing against Djurgårdens, AIK and MoDo where then-rookie Daniel scored the tournament-winning goal in overtime.
Stockholm is already home to Djurgårdens IF of the top-tier Swedish Hockey League (SHL) and AIK IF, playing for the second-tier HockeyAllsvenskan. If the NHL expanded into Sweden, perhaps one of these teams becomes the NHL team. Alternatively, the SHL could act as the Swedish team’s AHL-equivalent team and the NHL club is an entirely new entity.
An aspect that holds Stockholm back from getting an NHL team, in fact, it holds all of the following locations back as well: an NHL-caliber arena. Currently, in the Swedish capital, the largest arena is the Ericsson Globe which holds a capacity of 13,850 for hockey games.
Helsinki, Finland
If there’s a city and country in Europe that’s equal to Stockholm, Sweden’s love for hockey, it’s Helsinki, Finland. Right up there with Sweden, Finland has been producing elite NHL talent over the years and has risen to be one of the most prominent hockey superpowers in the world.
Just like Sweden, Finland has had its fair share of NHL exposure, dating back to 1994 when the Winnipeg Jets travelled to the country to play a pre-season tournament against Finnish teams. A young Teemu Selanne was a member of the Jets at the time and faced off against Jokerit as the main attraction of the event – his former club.
Helsinki is already home to the HIFK of the Liiga hockey league and like the teams in Stockholm, this may help ease the city into getting an NHL team. The team currently plays at the Helsinki Ice Hall, which holds 8,200 people.
However, HIFK is not the only team in Helsinki. The KHL’s Jokerit plays at Hartwall Arena, which holds a maximum capacity of 13,349. If the NHL wanted to make an NHL teamwork, this could be the spot until somewhere bigger is ready.
Prague, Czech Republic
The Czech Republic seems to be a major threat in international hockey tournaments every year. The country has produced some of the best players of all time and has a large hockey following.
The NHL has already exposed itself to the Czech Republic, ever since 1989 when the Stanley Cup-winning Calgary Flames held their training camp in Prague before meeting the Washington Capitals in the then-Soviet Union for a preseason tour. In 2010, Czech-born Radim Vrbata scored two goals and had an assist for the then-Phoenix Coyotes 5-2 win over the Boston Bruins in the 2010 Compuware NHL Premiere Games.
Extraliga is the top hockey league in the Czech Republic, with Sparta Praha the team that calls Prague home. The team has been operating since 1903, proving that a hockey club can be viable in the city and country. What makes Prague even more attractive to the NHL is where Sparta Praha plays: the O2 Arena.
The O2 Arena is likely the most NHL-ready arena in Europe, with a maximum capacity of 17,383. Cologne, Germany’s Lanxess Arena is the only one bigger in Europe, at 18,500. The O2 Arena has already housed two IIHF World Hockey Championships (2004 and 2015), along with NHL and KHL games.
Berlin, Germany
Speaking of Germany, they should get one of the first NHL teams in Europe too. While they haven’t had as much success at international levels as the other countries on this list, they’ve been on the rise, winning a silver medal at the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Germany was actually one of the first countries that the NHL travelled to, dating way back to 1959 when the Boston Bruins and the New York Rangers went on a 10-city, 23-game tour of Europe. While in Germany, they stopped in Dortmund, Essen, Krekfeld and Berlin. More recently, in the 2018 NHL Global Series, Edmonton Oilers’ Leon Draisaitl, a native of Cologne, Germany, had an assist in a 4-3 Oilers win over Germany’s Kolner Haie. Draisaitl’s father Peter was the coach of Kolner Haie.
Germany currently has Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) as its top-tier hockey league, with Eisbären Berlin playing in Berlin. The team is one of the founding members, established in 1954, and has won more titles than any other DEL organization, with seven. The club also plays in a 14,200-capacity arena, the Mercedes-Benz Arena.
This arena is where the NHL Premiere games were played and would likely be the destination of an NHL team. Just like the previous cities mentioned, they could temporarily play here until a bigger location is ready or depending on how attendance looks for the European NHL, this could stick.
Zurich, Switzerland
Finally, there’s Zurich, Switzerland. While not immediately thought of as a hockey superpower like the other countries on this list, there have been a number of Swiss stars coming from the country. They’ve even caused some major upsets at the Olympic level, beating Canada and the Czech Republic at the 2006 Turin Winter Olympics.
In the NHL European tour that saw the Bruins and Rangers play in Germany, they also made stops in Switzerland, playing in Geneva and Zurich. The NHL has made numerous trips since then, including the 2018 NHL Global Series where the New Jersey Devils and Nico Hischier faced off against HC Bern of the National League. Hischier was the first Swiss-born player to be taken first overall in the NHL Entry Draft in 2017 and received a standing ovation playing against his former team.
The National League is the top league in Switzerland, with the ZSC Lions calling Zurich home. They’ve had a long residence there, as they were founded in 1930. They currently play in Hallenstadion which has a maximum capacity of 11,200, the smallest arena on this list. But, HC Bern, playing in Bern at the PostFinance Arena has a maximum capacity of 17,031. Bern may be the more attractive option for the NHL based on the arena.
Other Options
All of the options above are hockey towns, with current, successful hockey teams that have stood the test of time. Most of them have at least decent-sized arenas that would be enough to get the expansion started. Also important to note, the NHL has visited these cities and countries, making the league known to hockey fans. While these may be the top contenders, there are many other cities in Europe that would get a look.
Before Russia invaded Ukraine, Moscow, Russia, should have been considered as well. Russia has always been a hockey superpower, so why not see what an NHL team in Russia would be like? Think back to all of the Olympics, World Championships and tournaments between Russia and Canada or the United States, there’s no question of hockey fans in Russia. When Alex Ovechkin took the Stanley Cup to Moscow in 2018, he was met by thousands of fans. The biggest arena in Moscow is VTB Ice Palace, seating 12,100, although there is a proposal for
London, England should be considered. While you don’t exactly think of a hockey town when thinking of London, there’s lots about the city to make it a viable option. In the first NHL trip overseas, in 1938, London was host to the Montreal Canadiens and Detroit Red Wings. They also have the O2 Arena, one of the busiest arenas in the world with a capacity of 20,000. It doesn’t hurt that London has already had a hockey team already in the London Lions. In fact, they were founded by Detroit Red Wings owner at the time Bruce Norris with a vision of creating a league affiliated with the NHL in Europe.
Other cities include Vienna, Austria, Oslo Norway, Riga, Latvia, Minsk, Belarus and Bratislava, Slovakia. These cities may not be a part of the first wave of expansion teams but could very well be a part of a second expansion.
How Would the Scheduling Work ?
With that, we have our European teams. Now, how would scheduling work? Obviously, you can’t just plug these teams into the schedule as you would a new team in North America. The schedule would be a bit more difficult, but possible. As it is now, every NHL team goes on a long road trip on the other side of North America, so that’d be nothing new. A flight from New York to Los Angeles takes roughly six hours. In comparison, a flight from New York to Helsinki takes about eight hours, so the difference is negligible.
First, the European teams would form a third conference, so you would have the Western, Eastern and European conferences. This, of course, would depend on how many European teams there would be and if the NHL is set on all teams playing each other at least twice still. For argument’s sake, let’s say there will be four European teams. The game distribution would then look like this:
- Each European team would play each other a total of four times, adding up to (4 teams, 6 games versus each) 18 games
- Each European team would play each Eastern Conference and Western Conference team twice (home and home) adding up to (32×2) 64 games, and rounding out the 82-game regular-season schedule
This would result in each European team making one trip to North America per season and vice-versa. As for playoffs, the top three teams from each division (Metropolitan, Atlantic, Central, Pacific and European) would automatically qualify. The last spot would be a Wild Card, reserved for the top finisher among the non-automatic qualifiers.
Would European Fans Support the Teams?
In European locations where hockey is already a popular sport, like Sweden and Finland, there’s no question that fans would show up to games. These cities already have a proven track record of people showing up to games, whether that’s their current European teams or an NHL event.
In the 2018-19 season, Stockholm’s Djurgårdens IF had an average attendance of 7,355, which is the second-best in the league. Gothenberg’s Frolunda HC has the best with 10,071 and has a record-high average of 11,688 from 2007-08. In Helsinki, HIFK averages an attendance of 4,727 and Jokerit holds an average of 8,768 in 2018-19, with a record of 10,932 in 2014-15. Eisbären Berlin averaged 12,026 in 2018-19 but has a record-high of 14,073 from back in 2011-12. Bern SC has brought in over 15,000 fans on average for 12 straight seasons, with the last six over 16,000.
To compare, the NHL’s average attendance in 2018-19 was 17,447, with seven teams bringing in less than Bern SC brings in. With the European teams already attracting fans, it seems likely that an NHL team would bring in fans. If fact, it’s already proven that it can pull in European fans to NHL games.
As of April 2019, the NHL had played 29 regular-season games to date at venues outside North America. The total attendance at those games is 386,818, or an average of 13,339 per game.
“Our return to playing regular-season games in Europe these past seasons has been a fantastic success,” Commissioner Bettman said. “We couldn’t be more pleased.”
Would the NHL Talent Be Diluted?
Another concern for European expansion would be if the talent in the NHL would be diluted if more teams were added. This one is a bit harder to get around, because it makes sense that if you add teams, players from the current 31 (and soon to be 32) teams would need to go to the European teams. That’s a given.
At first, the talent may very well be diluted. That being said, there are so many stars in the NHL right now, that every team will likely have at least one still, in most cases more. As the European teams gain traction in their countries, the game of hockey will grow as well, bringing in a whole new wave of NHL stars. There are leagues in all of these countries, and the surrounding countries have additional teams. There are star players in the world not playing in the NHL. Perhaps European teams would give those players a chance to play in the best league in the world.
Related: Chinese Hockey Expanding at an Astonishing Rate
The growth of the NHL and hockey, in general, can only be a good thing for the League and
Would Both the NHL and NHLPA Support the Expansion ?
In order for this expansion to happen at all, both the NHL and NHLPA need to be on board. Luckily, they already are, making this the easiest question on the list. Well, Daly and NHLPA executive director Donald Fehr are on the same page at least.
In November of 2018, Fehr, who has discussed this topic numerous times in his tenure, discussed the future expansion. (from ‘NHL eyes European expansion, the only question is when,’ Globe and Mail, 11/12/2018) He did point out that the players have not formed an official opinion, so his answers were him personal opinion.
“I think it would be a real positive statement to create the first really trans-ocean league. I think it would be an extraordinary achievement for everybody. Whether it will happen in my tenure remains to be seen, but hopefully sooner or later.”
He continued, “I think the sooner the better, provided it can be done right, you don’t want to rush it … you don’t want to do it before the capital is committed, the schedule is worked out, all the rest of it.”
Daly also discussed the expansion, noting that it would be a long-term goal, “Those are short-term barriers and we’ll see if they can change in the long-term. The KHL has expanded into countries outside of Russia where they have absorbed existing teams from European leagues. They’ve done it without real damage to those existing leagues.
“I think we have a very good relationship with all the European leagues. When we bring games over there, we do it in concert with the existing leagues and federations.
“Our international fan-base is really growing because of our [television] rights-holders in Europe and how much NHL hockey is being consumed there,” Daly said. “It’s been enormously successful a month and a half into the season. Television and the ability to translate your game to new audiences is very, very important.”
While the NHL and NHLPA seem to be in agreeance, there are some other parties that might not be on board with the NHL’s plans. Rene Fasel, president of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), has indicated that he is opposed to this proposed expansion as he feels it poses a threat to European professional hockey teams.
“This is our territory and I will fight like hell to not allow anybody to come from abroad,” Fasel said. “I think in Europe we are strong enough to do something on our own, and then have the competition between Europe and North America. That makes the fan happy.”
The KHL, which has expanded from Russia into the surrounding countries, including European ones on the list above, would also likely oppose the expansion as it may steal some of their fans. The same goes for the national leagues in each country. The NHL would need to work with all of these groups in order to make the expansion work, which as Daly said, they are willing to do.
When Would the Europe Expansion Happen?
Finally, the biggest question. When would this happen? When this topic arose in 2008, many thought that it could happen within ten years. It’s been longer than that, and it still looks to be a long way off for the NHL. It would be at least another decade before there’s an NHL team in Europe, likely longer.
In the meantime, the best thing the NHL can do is continue the NHL Global Series games. Up to this point, they’ve been selecting teams that have a star player in that country, which is working as seen in the Tweet from the NHL above, and they should continue to do that. Also sending the best teams over, regardless of where their players are from.
Growing the NHL brand and building fans is the current priority on the path to putting NHL teams in Europe. More NHL games, events, television deals, it’s all preparation for the future of the league.
Attendance averages from HockeyDB.
Europe would be a terrible mistake. To much territory to cover & its a logistical nightmare. The travel would be unfair for those teams in Europe. Either they would travel back-and-forth too frequently and would be exhausted, or they would be forced to have very long road trips without a home game….. It’s a lose/lose: you either get a tired team or an unfair schedule. Have to focus on northern locations here in North America
MAP: dead link
Link Died?
MAP: https://farm4.staticflickr.com/3949/15743741715_842206b3f2_o.jpg
I’m all for expansion and teams in Europe but why does everyone always want to relocate my Panthers. It’s bad enough that after I moved to Atlanta the Thrashers left but come on. Still a Panthers fan.
The only way this flies is for the European league to come into being at least twice as large split into two conferences with no intercontinental play until the playoffs begin. The west coast teams would always be at a disadvantage as would the European teams traveling to the west coast, as the time frame would always be twice as long as for the east coast teams. Even if they played in the east before continuing on the trip. The travel now is atrocious for the west coast teams, and this would just be ridiculous. The wear and tear on the body with all this travel would only result in far more injuries. Go sit in the seat of a semi truck for 6 mo. 14hrs. a day and you will soon see the fallacy of your dreams. The Season now is 8-9 mo., so the math only works for the fat cat owners who only care about the money and not the players. When you can replace body parts like tinker toys, maybe. But even the cost of that will rise and become astronomical in the future. And I see nothing wrong with building the game here, even with the cost of low performing franchises. No one told these billionaires it would be cheap. Put a good product on the market at an affordable price and the fans will come. Even a bad team in a good market does not pan out. Hockey is growing all the time and even those football hotbeds are starting to get the message that hockey is more exciting and entertaining than football or basketball. And the players are friendlier and more accessible to the fans as well. Though this might change as the fans keep getting more pushy and demanding.
Hi Jack,
Thanks for the read and taking the time to respond.
I agree that long-distance travel takes its toll, but this is nothing new for other professionals who work for international businesses. We live in a globalized world so that means sometimes travelling quite a bit to be successful.
For Western Conference teams, it is true they’d be flying an additional three hours when going to Europe, but new technological advances continue to shrink the world. Just check out these concept planes designed by Nike for athletes: http://www.wired.com/2014/09/nike-helps-design-a-swank-jet-for-traveling-sports-teams/#slide-id-1520051
If the NHL did expand to Europe, it would certainly have to invest some money into its travelling procedures, but there are exciting new developments on that front the NHL can make use of.
Was very skeptical before reading this, but it was well backed in reason. Although a new york flight to europe isnt much longer than new york to los angeles, what about San Jose to Europe? Perhaps west coast teams would always have to travel to europe after playing a bit on the east coast, but that seems like it would be hard to schedule, but im no genius schedule maker, so maybe its feasible?
Hi Andrew,
Thanks for the read! Yes, it’s a bit of radical idea in some peoples’ view, but the biggest things have been accomplished simply by beginning with a vision.
A flight from Los Angeles to Stockholm is about 11 hours. This would be a bit of an obstacle, but as I’ve said international business travel is nothing new now that we work in a globalized economy. At least athlete have the advantage of traveling in more comfort than the average person. Check out what Nike is coming up with: https://www.yahoo.com/travel/just-fly-it-nike-unveils-high-tech-team-plane-for-pro-97225472542.html
As technology develops, the world continues to shrink. If such an expansion plan took place, it would be in the best interest of the league and individual teams to invest in new flying technology.
As far as scheduling, teams would have one and a half to two week long trans-Atlantic road trips, in order to cut down on travel.
I first read an article on this topic in 1979 and it is always fun to discuss. The Concord was always in the discussion…
Logistical issues could be overcome if the desire to make this happen is that great. A war with the IIHF would occur. The IIHF would be a speed bump and would remain almost irrelevant. KHL/NHL relations would need to thaw. The KHL is already going after European markets.
If it doesn’t make dollars then it doesn’t make sense. The bottom line is the bottom line here. Key questions involve ticket pricing in nations with high individual tax rates. Corporate taxes would be doable. Stadium/arena size is a major hurdle when cities will not bow to the whim of an owner like they do in North America. As advanced as corporate sponsorship is in Europe, this remains a ticket revenue driven sport! Heck Sweden is the population size of Virginia if I recall, so National TV deals won’t yield much. I would kill for a relegation type set up. Now that’s a pipe dream!
Fun thought.
Hi John,
Thanks for the read and the constructive comment. I agree the IIHF would be a non-issue – it doesn’t yield enough power and the NHL has its own agenda by re-establishing the World Cup of hockey. I also think the KHL wouldn’t be much of a concern, given its instability.
I really believe ticket sales wouldn’t be an issue. Just look at the European Premiere series. In 2011, I purchased a ticket with a face value of 149 EUR, and Berlin isn’t exactly the most economically well off city. Even still the arena was packed to capacity. Now, I know it be less of a premium product with teams always playing in Europe, but tickets would also be a lot more affordable and adjusted to fit the local market. For instance, tickets in Bratislava would be much cheaper than Zurich. These six locations would open up three core European markets – DACH, the Nordics and CEE, so I believe there would be a lot of room for revenue growth, especially in comparison to the failing NHL franchises that would be replaced.
I agree! I’d love to see relegation. We can dream!
Agree with Jeff above I can not see this happening. Do you guys really think players say in Los Angeles, Vancouver, San Jose etc. are really going to want to jump on a plane and have to fly 14 or so hours to say Stockholm Sweden to play a road game? And then have to turn around and be totally jet lagged dead tired and have to fly all the way back and play two nights later? Do you realize how long it takes for one to recover time wise both physically and mentally?!?! Heck, we are even hearing many NFL players quietly complain about their stupid London experiment. Many Cincinnati Bengal players were openly saying that ‘god forbid, I hope we are not chosen to go play in London this season’. Forget about it! Keep it in North America where it belongs. Unsure about Las Vegas. The league should perhaps do a game there to see how well it would draw attendance wise? They do their NHL all star awards there. Perhaps they should consider doing the leagues all star game there first to see what the attendance would be. No one ever mentions Portland Oregon. They only have a NBA team. The Winterhawks are very well supported and there is an arena in place there that they could share with the Trailblazers. As well they are in the west so realignment isn’t a worry. I’d go there before considering Seattle. Good luck to everyone’s teams this upcoming NHL season.
Hi Anthony,
Thanks for the read and the thoughtful response. You bring up a good point with the NFL players. However, the biggest difference between the NHL and NFL is the former has a much larger pool of international talent. I believe about 30% of NHL players come from outside of North America. For these players (many of them from the would be European NHL markets), it’d be a welcomed treat to be able either play in their home country or at least travel to it every season. I think the NHLPA would give this more support than say, the NFLPA.
Like I told Jeff, international travel is something every global business deals with. The NHL players are no different than any other professionals working in an international business, so long-distance travel should be expected.
I agree with you on North American expansion. Las Vegas is a huge question mark, but Portland seems like a viable option. In addition to the points you made, it just seems like a region fit for hockey.
Enjoy the upcoming season!
Not a very good article.
You really think the differencd between a flight from NY to LA and (3 time zones) and a flight from NY to Sweden (6 time zones) is negligible with only 2 hours of extra flying time? Really? And with 82 games a year? And what about western teams, that’s an 11 hour flight and 9 time zones.
The other, and most important factor that you never even mentioned is the IIHF and the individual leagues who would never, under any circumstances allow this happen. The IIHF has actually stated they would never allow nhl expansion in Europe, so this a pipe dream with 0% chance of becoming really.
Hi Jeff,
Thanks for taking the time to read and contribute. It’s always great to generate a discussion.
I agree that there would be some obstacles to overcome with travel, but teams wouldn’t be flying back and forth for one or two games. They’d have European road trips that would last at least a week and a half to limit the amount of times a cross-Atlantic trip would occur. I know that the time zone differences are less than ideal but, we live in a globalized world and these are hurdles any international company has to endure, so it’s nothing new from a business perspective.
I respect your point about the IIHF, but I believe it is nearly irrelevant outside of Europe. It’s not as if the NHL and IIHF are bosom buddies as it is. The NHL has its own agenda with wanting to pull out of the Olympics and re-establish the World Cup of Hockey. Having an international footprint would only strengthen the cause.
Again, thanks for the insightful comment. It the very least, it’s fun to talk about these topics.